Impact of pile‐driving and offshore windfarm operational noise on fish chorusing

Offshore windfarms have recently emerged as a renewable energy solution. The effects of pile-driving and long-term impacts operational noises on fish chorusing still, however, remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the variations intensity duration during construction (2016) phases (2017–2018) windfarm at Eastern Taiwan Strait (ETS). At ETS, two types choruses (Types 1 2) were found to repeat over diurnal pattern. 2 days after pile driving, Type showed lower longer duration, while exhibited higher no changes in its duration. During 2017 2018, both (2–3 h for 1; 0.5–1 2). chorus increased by 5–10 dB, but significant variation was recorded 2. Our findings document, first time, different behavioral responses exposed noise pressure. Fish been associated with several functions. Deviation from regular pattern might affect reproductive success, cause migration, augmented predation, or physiological alterations. Because offshore installations are growing magnitude capacity worldwide, study provides essential insights policymakers constitutes an important reference assessing driving fishes.